Official Electoral College result
National Archives records show Joseph R. Biden Jr. received 306 electoral votes and Donald J. Trump received 232.
TrumpsMouth Research Hub · January 6, 2021
A growing source-linked map of the 2020 election certification fight, the Capitol breach, the people who shaped the events, criminal cases, congressional findings and the later pardons. This page separates what happened, what institutions concluded, and what remains disputed or politically characterized.
National Archives records show Joseph R. Biden Jr. received 306 electoral votes and Donald J. Trump received 232.
After the Capitol breach interrupted the joint session, Congress completed the electoral count early the next morning.
By January 2025, DOJ said more than 1,583 people had been charged in nearly all 50 states in cases tied to the Capitol breach.
By January 2025, DOJ said more than 600 defendants had been charged with assaulting or impeding law enforcement.
DOJ has stated that approximately 140 law-enforcement officers defending the Capitol were assaulted on January 6.
President Trump later issued broad pardons and commutations for offenses related to events at or near the Capitol on January 6.
Brian J. Cole Jr. has pleaded not guilty to federal charges over the two pipe bombs placed near the RNC and DNC on January 5, 2021. A federal judge set trial for February 16, 2027.
GAO found all 10 federal agencies it reviewed identified potential threats of violence before January 6; two—the FBI and Capitol Police—identified credible threats.
After Congress reconvened, the House rejected the Arizona electoral-vote objection 121–303 and the Senate rejected it 6–93.
The House rejected the Pennsylvania electoral-vote objection 138–282 and the Senate rejected it 7–92.
Visual chronology
Photographs are credited and used as documentary context. Captions state what an image does—and does not—establish.

A street-level photograph made on January 6 shows people moving along Pennsylvania Avenue with the Capitol visible in the distance. The image is documentary context; it does not by itself establish what any pictured individual later did.
Photo: Kurt Kaiser · CC0 1.0 ↗
A second Kurt Kaiser photograph, recorded by its EXIF data shortly after 4 p.m., provides visual context from Washington during the ongoing Capitol emergency.
Photo: Kurt Kaiser · CC0 1.0 ↗
A third CC0 photograph in the same series documents the day from a wider Washington vantage point. It is used to orient the visual chronology, not as proof of a specific allegation.
Photo: Kurt Kaiser · CC0 1.0 ↗Video & primary-media chronology
This lane distinguishes government-originated records from committee-preserved third-party footage and later court descriptions of video evidence. Each card says what kind of source it is so readers can judge provenance before drawing conclusions.
GovInfo preserves a three-hour synchronized video compilation in the Select Committee supporting-materials collection. The underlying compilation originated outside government; this hub therefore treats it as committee-preserved source material, not as government-authored footage.
Open media/source record ↗The Senate Daily Press log records the Senate standing in recess at 2:13 PM. It is not video, but it is a primary institutional timestamp that can be aligned with security-camera, body-camera and open-source footage.
Open media/source record ↗A later jury-verdict release describes body-worn-camera and open-source video used at trial to timestamp repeated confrontations as officers pushed rioters away from the Northwest Courtyard. The card reports what the trial record says the footage showed and does not generalize beyond that case.
Open media/source record ↗The American Presidency Project preserves the transcript and embedded video of Trump's January 6 taped remarks telling supporters to go home and calling for peace while also repeating that the election had been stolen. The two elements are presented together because both are part of the same recorded statement.
Open media/source record ↗The Compilation of Presidential Documents, published by the Office of the Federal Register/NARA, records a January 7 videotaped address made at 5:52 PM. It belongs to the immediate aftermath timeline rather than the January 6 minute-by-minute attack chronology.
Open media/source record ↗GovInfo's January 6 Select Committee collection provides a stable government archive for hearing materials, videos, transcripts and documents. Committee conclusions remain labeled as committee findings even when the underlying source material is preserved in the archive.
Open media/source record ↗The hearing transcript records the exact timing and substance of Trump’s post criticizing Pence. The surrounding evacuation and breach sequence is labeled as the Select Committee’s reconstruction.
Open media/source record ↗The congressional record preserves the video’s timing and language. TrumpsMouth keeps the de-escalation request and the repeated stolen-election assertion together so the source is not selectively excerpted.
Open media/source record ↗The congressional record preserves the 6:01 p.m. post. Interpretive claims made during the impeachment proceeding remain attributed to the speakers who made them.
Open media/source record ↗Sequence matters
This chronology anchors the sequence to primary and adjudicated records. The afternoon now includes precise Senate, breach and police-clearing timestamps; additional camera angles, radio traffic and room-by-room movement will continue to be layered in.
States conducted the 2020 presidential election. The official Electoral College result ultimately recorded Biden 306, Trump 232.
Open source ↗State-appointed electors met and cast the Electoral College votes later transmitted to the National Archives and Congress.
Open source ↗The Office of the Federal Register received unofficial certificates from Republican slates in seven states. NARA says these were not accepted as evidence of official state action.
Open source ↗GAO later found that Capitol Police developed an information paper describing confrontation between opposing groups as nearly certain, while the FBI developed a report describing potential violence and calls for violence around the January 6 events.
Open source ↗The Congressional Record documents the Vice President and Senate entering the House chamber for the constitutionally required electoral-vote count.
Open source ↗Vice President Mike Pence wrote that his oath constrained him from claiming unilateral authority to decide which electoral votes should be counted.
Open source ↗Rioters overwhelmed police lines and entered the Capitol, forcing evacuation or sheltering of lawmakers and interrupting the electoral-count proceeding.
Open source ↗Evidence later presented in the Proud Boys prosecution placed Dominic Pezzola at the first window breach at about 2:11 p.m.; members of the group entered shortly afterward.
Open source ↗The Senate's official Daily Press log records the chamber standing in recess at 2:13 PM. This is a chamber-proceedings timestamp; it is useful for aligning the congressional record with the physical breach chronology.
Open source ↗DOJ court records in later guilty-plea and sentencing cases place the initial Senate Wing window/door breach at approximately 2:12–2:13 PM. This entry uses adjudicated case records for the timing rather than relying on a political summary.
Open source ↗In testimony preserved by Congress, the Select Committee said National Security Council staff recorded at 2:16 p.m. that the Vice President was being pulled from the Senate floor. This timestamp is presented as a committee finding based on contemporaneous staff communications, not as an independent judicial finding.
Open source ↗Trump posted that Mike Pence lacked the courage to do what Trump said should have been done with the electoral votes. Congressional hearing records preserve the 2:24 p.m. post and place it after Pence had been moved from the Senate floor. The page records the timing and content separately from later arguments about Trump’s intent or legal responsibility.
Open source ↗The Select Committee hearing record states that roughly 30 seconds after the 2:24 p.m. Pence post, rioters already inside opened the East Rotunda door, and roughly 30 seconds later rioters breached the Crypt one floor below. These times are explicitly attributed to the committee’s reconstruction.
Open source ↗Congressional records preserve the 4:17 p.m. video in which Trump told supporters to go home and called for peace while also repeating that the election had been stolen. The hub presents both parts together rather than quoting only the de-escalation language or only the election claim.
Open source ↗The congressional impeachment record preserves a 6:01 p.m. Trump post after the Capitol had been cleared. The hub treats the post as part of the documentary chronology and does not use the impeachment managers’ interpretation of it as a substitute for a separate factual finding.
Open source ↗In a later guilty verdict, DOJ summarized body-worn and open-source video evidence showing officers pushing rioters from the Northwest Courtyard beginning around 4:20 PM, with further confrontations through roughly 4:35 PM. The timing is presented as trial evidence tied to that case, not as a complete map of every part of the Capitol grounds.
Open source ↗After law enforcement cleared the Capitol, the House and Senate resumed the electoral-count proceeding rather than abandoning it.
Open source ↗The Senate's official Daily Press log records Vice President Pence speaking and the Senate returning from recess at 8:06 PM, providing a precise institutional timestamp for the resumption of the electoral-count process.
Open source ↗After the joint session resumed, the Senate voted on the Arizona electoral-vote objection submitted by Representative Paul Gosar and Senator Ted Cruz and others. The objection was not sustained, 6–93.
Open source ↗The House then rejected the Arizona objection 121–303. The Clerk’s roll call records 121 Republicans voting to sustain it and 303 members voting against.
Open source ↗The Senate rejected the Pennsylvania electoral-vote objection submitted by Representative Scott Perry and Senator Josh Hawley, 7–92.
Open source ↗The House rejected the Pennsylvania objection 138–282 shortly before completion of the electoral count.
Open source ↗The National Archives records that the electoral results were not certified until 3:44 a.m. because of the violent unrest in and around the Capitol.
Open source ↗Federal juries convicted leaders or members of both the Oath Keepers and Proud Boys of seditious conspiracy and related felonies in separate trials.
Open source ↗The House Select Committee issued its final report and supporting archive. Its conclusions are identified on this hub as committee findings, not judicial verdicts.
Open source ↗Trump commuted named sentences and granted broad pardons for offenses related to January 6. Clemency changed criminal consequences; it did not erase the historical court record of pleas, verdicts, or trial evidence.
Open source ↗DOJ announced the arrest of Brian J. Cole Jr. and alleged that he transported and planted two improvised explosive devices near the Republican and Democratic national committee headquarters on January 5, 2021. The charges are allegations; Cole later pleaded not guilty.
Open source ↗The U.S. Attorney’s Office for D.C. announced a federal indictment charging Cole with interstate transportation of explosives and malicious attempt to use explosives. DOJ said cell-site analysis placed his phone along the route associated with the suspect. Cole is presumed innocent unless proven guilty.
Open source ↗A federal judge ruled that Trump’s January 2025 January 6 clemency proclamation did not cover Cole’s pipe-bomb case. Two days later the court scheduled a roughly two-week trial to begin February 16, 2027. Cole has pleaded not guilty.
Open source ↗Constitutional pressure sequence
This section separates the documentary record, Pence’s own stated position and the Select Committee’s later findings. A committee conclusion is never presented as though it were a court judgment.
Senate Concurrent Resolution 1 set the joint-session procedure for opening and counting the electoral votes. This is the procedural baseline against which later arguments about the Vice President's role can be compared.
Open source ↗National Archives material later published through GovInfo shows Senate Parliamentarian staff separately tracking the legitimate state electoral votes and unofficial submissions, including deficiencies in the alternate-elector documents. This is an archived record, not a criminal finding.
Open source ↗GovInfo preserves a January 4 email from Kenneth Chesebro to John Eastman forwarding an edited draft. The Select Committee cited this material in its discussion of the elector strategy. The existence of the email is documented; conclusions about intent are attributed to the committee where discussed.
Open source ↗Chapter 5 of the Select Committee report describes meetings and communications in which Trump and Eastman urged Pence to take steps that Pence and his advisers rejected. This entry is explicitly a committee finding, not an independent judicial determination.
Open source ↗In a letter to members of Congress, Pence stated that his oath prevented him from claiming unilateral authority to determine which electoral votes should be counted. The page treats this as Pence's documented constitutional position, separate from competing legal advocacy advanced before January 6.
Open source ↗After Congress reconvened, objections were handled by separate House and Senate votes and the electoral count was completed at 3:44 a.m. on January 7. The Congressional Record documents the procedure and outcome.
Open source ↗State-election contacts
Calls, visits, emails and testimony are placed in sequence. The page records what the source establishes while keeping later criminal allegations, committee findings and court outcomes in separate lanes.
Associated Press's documented Georgia chronology reports that White House Chief of Staff Mark Meadows visited the Cobb County signature-audit site on December 22 and that Trump called lead investigator Frances Watson the next day. These contacts are presented as documented events, while legal characterizations are kept separate.
Open source ↗A National Archives email published in the committee's GovInfo collection records Eric Herschmann telling Cleta Mitchell, with Mark Meadows copied, that he was concerned about the President signing a verification containing facts that might not withstand detailed scrutiny.
Open source ↗The recorded call included Trump asking Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger to find 11,780 votes, while Raffensperger and counsel Ryan Germany disputed multiple fraud allegations. The hub links the event to the recorded-call record and treats later criminal or political interpretations separately.
Open source ↗Pak's resignation became part of the later congressional investigation into pressure on federal and state officials. The House hearing compilation includes testimony from Pak and Raffensperger; this card does not infer a criminal conclusion from the resignation itself.
Open source ↗Chapter 2 of the final report, titled “I Just Want to Find 11,780 Votes,” collects the committee's findings concerning contacts with officials in Georgia and other states. Those conclusions are identified here as committee findings and should not be confused with later court outcomes.
Open source ↗Named evidence files
These are structured evidence indexes, not guilt-by-association cards. Each file identifies the documentary trail that later passes can expand into claims, testimony, court rulings and professional-discipline records.
Track state-legislative presentations, public fraud allegations, the January 6 rally speech, litigation outcomes, and later attorney-discipline records as separate evidence streams. Committee conclusions are labeled as committee findings rather than court judgments.
Track the legal theory concerning Pence's role, Eastman/Chesebro communications, testimony by Pence counsel Greg Jacob and Judge J. Michael Luttig, and later court or bar outcomes as distinct records.
Track Meadows's role as a conduit among Trump, state officials and outside lawyers, including Georgia-related contacts and archived White House communications. Participation in a communication is not itself presented as proof of a crime.
Track the proposed Justice Department intervention involving Georgia, resistance from senior DOJ leadership, and the later committee account. The hub distinguishes the committee's interpretation of the episode from any separate criminal charging or court record.
Security preparation & response
These entries use GAO and Inspector General records. They distinguish documented planning and information-sharing failures from broader political claims about who was responsible for every delay or decision.
GAO found that all 10 federal agencies it reviewed identified potential threats of violence before January 6, and that the FBI and U.S. Capitol Police identified credible threats. GAO also found that some agencies did not fully process or share critical information with partners responsible for security planning.
Audit source ↗GAO found Capitol Police planning focused on a manageable, largely nonviolent protest even though available information included the possibility that protesters could be armed and might target Congress. GAO also found the plan lacked contingencies for outside support.
Audit source ↗GAO found the Capitol Police and Capitol Police Board lacked clear, detailed procedures for obtaining emergency support from other agencies. About 2,000 personnel from outside agencies ultimately assisted, but the process for requesting and approving that support was not clearly documented.
Audit source ↗The Defense Department Inspector General separately reviewed pre-event support requests, requests made as the attack unfolded, and whether DoD actions complied with applicable requirements. This hub treats that report as a distinct audit source rather than collapsing the entire security response into a single political claim.
Audit source ↗Command-and-response chronology
The records use different milestones for request, mobilization, mission approval, communication and arrival. This timeline preserves those distinctions instead of compressing them into a single “called” or “deployed” time.
In the bipartisan Senate oversight record, then-Capitol Police Chief Steven Sund's request for National Guard assistance is placed at 1:49 PM. Later testimony disputed parts of the request-and-approval sequence, so this hub presents the time as part of the Senate oversight record rather than as an uncontested single-agency timestamp.
Open source ↗Senate testimony from Defense official Robert Salesses stated that Acting Defense Secretary Christopher Miller made the decision at 3:04 PM to mobilize the entire D.C. National Guard. The same hearing record says Army leadership then worked through the mission, force size, equipment and employment details.
Open source ↗The Senate hearing record describes questions during this period about whether Guard personnel would clear buildings or provide perimeter security, how they would be equipped, and how many personnel would be needed. That record documents a mobilization decision before a completed Capitol deployment plan.
Open source ↗Major General William Walker told Senate investigators that the instruction to deploy did not reach the D.C. National Guard until 5:08 PM. The Defense Department's public timeline used earlier mobilization/authorization milestones, which is why this hub distinguishes authorization, mission planning and communication to the commanding general rather than treating them as one event.
Open source ↗The bipartisan Senate investigation later summarized that National Guard personnel began arriving at the Capitol around 5:20 PM—more than four hours after the first barriers were breached and nearly three hours after the Defense Department received the support request cited by the committee.
Open source ↗The Defense Department Inspector General examined official emails, telephone records, call logs, text messages and other records when evaluating the Department's preparation and response. This hub links that audit separately from congressional characterizations so readers can compare institutional records.
Open source ↗Congressional record
After the Capitol was cleared and the joint session resumed, both chambers considered objections to Arizona and Pennsylvania. The official House Clerk and Senate roll calls preserve the exact votes.
Not sustained · Representative Paul Gosar and Senator Ted Cruz, with others
Open roll call ↗Failed · Objection to Arizona electoral votes
Open roll call ↗Not sustained · Representative Scott Perry and Senator Josh Hawley
Open roll call ↗Failed · Objection to Pennsylvania electoral votes
Open roll call ↗Member-level Senate record
The eight senators below are the complete set who voted to sustain at least one of the two objections. Their two votes are shown side by side to avoid implying every objector voted identically on both states.
Voted to sustain both objections. The Senate Arizona roll call identifies Cruz as a sponsor; the Pennsylvania objection was submitted by Rep. Scott Perry and Sen. Josh Hawley.
Open Senate roll call ↗Voted to sustain both objections.
Open Senate roll call ↗Voted to sustain both objections.
Open Senate roll call ↗Voted to sustain both objections.
Open Senate roll call ↗Voted to sustain both objections.
Open Senate roll call ↗Voted to sustain Arizona, then voted against sustaining Pennsylvania.
Open Senate roll call ↗Voted against sustaining Arizona, then voted to sustain Pennsylvania.
Open Senate roll call ↗Voted against sustaining Arizona, then voted to sustain Pennsylvania.
Open Senate roll call ↗Chamber comparison
House party totals come directly from the Clerk; Senate names come directly from the Senate roll calls.
Six Republicans voted to sustain: Cruz, Hawley, Hyde-Smith, Kennedy, Marshall and Tuberville.
Open official roll call ↗Seven Republicans voted to sustain: Cruz, Hawley, Hyde-Smith, Lummis, Marshall, Scott of Florida and Tuberville.
Open official roll call ↗The House Clerk records 121 Republican yeas, 83 Republican nays, and no Democratic yeas. Seven members did not vote.
Open official roll call ↗The House Clerk records 138 Republican yeas, 64 Republican nays, and no Democratic yeas. Eleven members did not vote.
Open official roll call ↗Seven-state document map
NARA explicitly says these submissions were not accepted as evidence of official state action. The cards link directly to the archived scans.
NARA publishes an unofficial Republican certificate of vote; NARA says these materials were not accepted as evidence of official state action.
Open NARA scan ↗NARA publishes an unofficial Republican certificate of vote transmitted from Georgia.
Open NARA scan ↗NARA publishes an unofficial Republican certificate of vote transmitted from Michigan.
Open NARA scan ↗The New Mexico document expressly says the signers acted on the understanding they might later be determined to be duly elected and qualified electors.
Open NARA scan ↗NARA publishes an unofficial Republican certificate of vote transmitted from Nevada.
Open NARA scan ↗NARA publishes an unofficial Republican certificate of vote and related correspondence from Pennsylvania.
Open NARA scan ↗NARA publishes an unofficial Republican certificate of vote transmitted from Wisconsin.
Open NARA scan ↗Characters & institutions
Being listed here does not imply equivalent conduct or legal responsibility. Roles are described separately and linked to the evidence trail.
Promoted claims that the 2020 result was illegitimate, pressed state and federal officials over the result, publicly pressured Pence, spoke at the Ellipse on January 6, and later issued clemency for January 6 defendants after returning to office.
Constitutional roleMike PenceVice President; presiding officer of the joint sessionRejected the argument that he could unilaterally decide which electoral votes to count and presided when Congress resumed the count.
Election challengesRudolph GiulianiTrump lawyer and public advocateHelped advance election-fraud allegations and spoke at the January 6 rally. The hub will separately track statements, litigation outcomes and disciplinary proceedings.
Legal theoryJohn EastmanLawyer associated with Pence strategyAdvanced a theory under which Pence could alter or delay the count. The Select Committee devoted a chapter to the theory; the hub will distinguish legal advocacy from later court findings and disciplinary records.
White HouseMark MeadowsWhite House chief of staffA key conduit for election-related contacts and messages. Committee materials and later litigation contain extensive records of his communications.
Justice DepartmentJeffrey ClarkActing DOJ Civil Division leader in 2020Was involved in a proposed Justice Department letter urging Georgia officials to consider election-fraud concerns; senior DOJ leadership resisted the proposal.
Proud BoysEnrique TarrioFormer Proud Boys national chairmanConvicted with other Proud Boys leaders of seditious conspiracy or related felonies; later received clemency under Trump’s January 2025 proclamation.
Oath KeepersStewart RhodesOath Keepers founderConvicted of seditious conspiracy after a federal trial; his sentence was later commuted to time served in January 2025.
Law enforcementU.S. Capitol Police & MPDLaw enforcement defending the CapitolOfficers defended the Capitol complex, members of Congress and the electoral-count proceeding. DOJ says approximately 140 officers were assaulted.
Pending federal caseBrian J. Cole Jr.Defendant in the RNC/DNC pipe-bomb caseFederal prosecutors allege Cole placed two pipe bombs near the RNC and DNC on January 5, 2021. He has pleaded not guilty. DOJ announced his arrest in December 2025, a federal indictment in January 2026, and a judge later set trial for February 2027.
Claims worth separating
These are starting points, not the end of the archive. Each question will grow into a fuller evidence review with direct quotations, video and cross-profile links.
306 electoral votes for Biden and 232 for Trump. This is the result preserved by the National Archives and counted by Congress.
Audit source ↗Yes. NARA publishes unofficial certificates received from Republican slates in seven states and explicitly says they were not accepted as evidence of official state action.
Audit source ↗Pence concluded that he had no unilateral authority to decide which electoral votes counted. The Congressional Record shows the count proceeded through objections decided by the House and Senate, not by Pence alone.
Audit source ↗No. Many people in Washington that day did not commit violence, but the Capitol was forcibly breached and DOJ documented hundreds of assault/impeding-officer cases. Both facts matter.
Audit source ↗Yes. Federal juries convicted Oath Keepers and Proud Boys leaders or members of seditious conspiracy in separate cases.
Audit source ↗Clemency changed punishment and legal consequences. The proclamation does not make the underlying trial records, guilty pleas, verdicts or historical events disappear; the hub preserves both the court record and the later clemency record.
Audit source ↗No. Federal prosecutors charged Brian J. Cole Jr. in 2025–2026 and say evidence links him to the devices, but he pleaded not guilty and has not been convicted. His trial is scheduled for February 16, 2027. The hub therefore labels this a pending criminal case, not a solved fact in the sense of a final verdict.
Audit source ↗Yes. GAO found all 10 agencies it reviewed identified potential threats of violence before January 6, with the FBI and Capitol Police identifying credible threats. GAO also found failures to fully process or share some critical threat information.
Audit source ↗Yes. Both chambers voted on objections to Arizona and Pennsylvania. Arizona was rejected 121–303 in the House and 6–93 in the Senate; Pennsylvania was rejected 138–282 in the House and 7–92 in the Senate.
Audit source ↗Legal record ≠ political shorthand
Separate federal juries convicted Oath Keepers and Proud Boys leaders or members of seditious conspiracy and related offenses. By January 2025 DOJ reported more than 1,583 defendants charged in January 6 cases, including more than 600 charged with assaulting or impeding law enforcement.
On January 20, 2025, President Trump issued a proclamation commuting named sentences and granting broad pardons for January 6 offenses. The hub preserves both layers: what courts found at the time and what later presidential clemency changed.
Court records, then clemency
These trees preserve the historical verdict and sentence record while showing the separate legal effect of the January 20, 2025 clemency proclamation. A commutation is not described as an acquittal, and a pardon is not used to rewrite the historical verdict.
A federal jury convicted Enrique Tarrio, Ethan Nordean, Joseph Biggs and Zachary Rehl of seditious conspiracy in May 2023. Dominic Pezzola was acquitted of seditious conspiracy but convicted of other felonies. Sentences ranged from 10 years for Pezzola to 22 years for Tarrio before the January 20, 2025 clemency action changed custody and sentence status.
Two Oath Keepers trials produced six seditious-conspiracy convictions: Stewart Rhodes and Kelly Meggs in November 2022, followed by Roberto Minuta, Joseph Hackett, David Moerschel and Edward Vallejo in January 2023. The January 20, 2025 proclamation later commuted the sentences of those six and several related defendants to time served.
Officer injuries, deaths & disputed casualty claims
Numbers about January 6 deaths are often compressed into slogans. This section separates assaults and injuries, medical cause-of-death findings, later suicides, congressional recognition, and claims that require a definition before they can be judged.
DOJ's second-anniversary summary said approximately 140 police officers were assaulted at the Capitol—about 80 Capitol Police and about 60 Metropolitan Police officers. A separate 2021 federal law stated that more than 140 law-enforcement officers suffered physical injuries, including 15 hospitalized. These are institutional counts, not a claim that every injury had the same severity or cause.
Audit source ↗The D.C. medical examiner determined Officer Brian Sicknick died of natural causes after suffering strokes. Capitol Police publicly accepted that finding while stating that he died in the line of duty after defending the Capitol. The hub therefore does not describe his death as a homicide or as medically caused by an assault.
Audit source ↗Congressional records honor Capitol Police Officer Howard Liebengood and Metropolitan Police Officer Jeffrey Smith, who died by suicide after January 6; later congressional remarks also name MPD officers Gunther Hashida and Kyle DeFreytag. This hub records the timing and institutional recognition but does not present suicide causation as medically or legally established solely by the fact that the deaths followed January 6.
Audit source ↗Public Law 117-32 stated that up to seven Americans died following the attack. That statutory finding combines people whose deaths occurred during or after the event and does not mean seven people were all killed by the same mechanism. Claims such as “five officers were killed on January 6” are therefore too imprecise without explaining individual causes of death.
Audit source ↗Post-conviction status
The proclamation altered sentences, pardoned covered convictions and directed dismissal of covered pending cases. It did not transform past guilty pleas or jury verdicts into findings that the underlying conduct never occurred.
The January 20, 2025 proclamation specifically named Stewart Rhodes, Kelly Meggs, Kenneth Harrelson, Thomas Caldwell, Jessica Watkins, Roberto Minuta, Edward Vallejo, David Moerschel, Joseph Hackett, Ethan Nordean, Joseph Biggs, Zachary Rehl, Dominic Pezzola and Jeremy Bertino for commutations to time served.
Open clemency record ↗The same proclamation granted full, complete and unconditional pardons to all other individuals convicted of covered January 6 offenses and directed dismissal with prejudice of pending indictments for covered conduct. Clemency changes punishment and legal consequences; it does not erase the fact that a historical conviction or plea occurred.
Open clemency record ↗The Office of the Pardon Attorney maintains instructions for obtaining January 6 pardon certificates and a FOIA-released list of people who requested and were issued certificates. This provides an administrative record of implementation separate from the proclamation itself.
Open clemency record ↗Audit the page
The initial hub is deliberately anchored to government archives and court/prosecution records. Independent reporting will be layered in for context where primary records do not answer the whole question.
Backlog for this hub